Pavlov

Pavlov
   , PAVLOVIAN
   Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936) was a Russian physiologist who is eponymously remembered because of his attempts to prove that an automatic conditioned reflex can be artificially induced. Pavlov was born the son of a priest in Ryazan, near Moscow. Although he had planned to follow in his father's footsteps and enter the priesthood, he enrolled instead at St. Petersburg University to study science and physiology, his courses consisting chiefly of chemistry and animal psychology. He also received an M.D. degree from the MedicoChirurgical Academy, where he continued to work for virtually the rest of his life.
   From 1902 until his death, Pavlov devoted much of his time to research on conditioned reflex. His work had a great impact on 'behavioural theory. His experiments, which became internationally famous, endeavored to show that the secretion of gastric juices can be stimulated in dogs without food reaching their stomachs. If every time a dog is given food, Pavlov postulated, a bell is rung, eventually the dog's digestive enzymes, controlled by the vagus nerve, will be produced at the sound of the bell. For this work on the physiology of digestion, Pavlov was named a Nobel Prize winner in 1904.
   A predictable, conditioned reaction like the reaction of the dog to the sound of the bell is known as a Pavlovian reaction. Scientists have come to disagree with Pavlov's basic theory, saying it is an oversimplification of how the brain functions.

Dictionary of eponyms. . 2013.

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  • Pavlov — and its feminine form Pavlova are common Russian (Павлов, Павлова) and Bulgarian family names. Their Ukrainian variant is Pavliv. All stem from Christian name Paul (Russian: Pavel; Ukrainian: Pavlo). These names may refer to many people and… …   Wikipedia

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  • Pavlov — heißen die Orte in Tschechien: Gemeinde Pavlov u Unhoště im Okres Kladno, Gemeinde Pavlov u Ledče nad Sázavou im Okres Havlíčkův Brod, Gemeinde Pavlov u Stonařova im Okres Jihlava, Gemeinde Pavlov u Rynárce im Okres Pelhřimov, Gemeinde Pavlov u… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pavlov — (izg. pȃvlov), Ivan Petrovič (1849 1936) DEFINICIJA ruski fiziolog, otkrio i proučavao prirođene i uvjetovane reflekse; Nobelova nagrada za medicinu 1904 …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Pavlov — Pavlov, Ivan Petrović …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Pavlov — (Ivan Petrovitch) (1849 1936) médecin et physiologiste russe. En 1903, il exposa ses théories sur le réflexe conditionné, découverte capitale; ensuite, il étudia la fonction cérébrale. P. Nobel 1904 …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Pavlov — [pav′lôv΄; ] Russ [ pȧ′vlō̂f΄] Ivan Petrovich [i vȧn′ pye trō̂′vich] 1849 1936; Russ. physiologist Pavlovian [pav lô′vē ən, pavlō′ē ən] adj …   English World dictionary

  • Pavlov —  Cette page d’homonymie répertorie des personnes (réelles ou fictives) partageant un même patronyme. Patronyme Pavlov (masculin ; Павлов) ou Pavlova (féminin ; Павлова), également Pavloff (transcription désuète), est un patronyme… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pavlov — Pạvlov,   deutsch Pọllau, Dorf am Fuß der Pollauer Berge, Südmährisches Gebiet, Tschechische Republik. Bei Pavlov befindet sich eine Freilandstation der jüngeren Altsteinzeit. Bei Untersuchungen seit 1952 in mehreren Grabungsaktionen wurden… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Pavlov — noun Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849 1936) • Syn: ↑Ivan Pavlov, ↑Ivan Petrovich Pavlov • Derivationally related forms: ↑Pavlovian • Instance Hypernyms: ↑physiologist …   Useful english dictionary

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